Leucothoe - Growing Guide

Growing Leucothoe fontanesiana

Commonly known as ‘Switch Ivy’

This evergreen shrub originates from mountainous regions of the south east USA. It has been grown in the UK since 1793 and, in one form or another, is a common sight in gardens as well as in municipal and supermarket plantings.

Its use in public places is because this is a really tough and resilient plant which quickly grows into a dense mat and can therefore be very effective as ground cover, especially the more dwarf growing L. fontanesiana ‘Scarletta’.

Growing it as a dense mat or groundcover has one disadvantage. The flowers are borne on long arching branches laden for 12-18in of their length with racemes of white flowers. These appear in May. Since the flowers hang from the lower side of the branches they are hard to see unless the plant is perhaps grown on a bank. At RHS Rosemoor Garden the new growths are propped up with metal supports to make them more visible to visitors.

Quite apart from the merits of L. fontanesiana as a groundcover plant probably the greatest attribute of forms of this plant is as multi coloured evergreen shrubs with different leaf colours at different times of the year.

L. fontanesiana ‘Rainbow’ has leaves irregularly variegated white in spring turning crimson with pink variegation as the new growth appears and more purple as the cold weather draws on. It is at its best in a cold winter.

Leucothoe 'Rainbow'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'

L. f. ‘Scarletta’ – this has smaller green leaves which are a brilliant red when young as are the new stems. Full sun brings out the best colour forms which can be quite different in shade. When you see this plant in a frosty December or January you can well see how it gets its name.

Leucothoe 'Scarletta'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Scarletta'
Leucothoe 'Scarletta'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Scarletta'
Leucothoe 'Scarletta'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Scarletta'

Leucothoe are easily propagated as half ripe new growth cuttings in summer. The plant, in maturity, will often have layered itself and cutting off one of these may well be the easiest way to gain new plants. Take care however if you are pinching one in a Tesco car park!

Leucothoe axillaris   click for larger image
Leucothoe axillaris
Leucothoe 'Curly Red'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Curly Red'
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'   click for larger image
Leucothoe 'Rainbow'

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