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QUERCUS ilex
Commonly known as Evergreen oak, Holm oak
Evergreen oak, excellent for windy or coastal conditions
Plant Details
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Pests & DiseasesAphids, gall wasps, oak wilt, honey fungus, powdery mildew, bracket fungus
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Place of originSouthwestern Europe
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EvergreenVery variable leaves. Usually oblong-ovate to lance-shaped, entire or toothed, glossy, dark green to 8cm (3in) long, grey-hairy beneath and silvery grey when young.
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Frost hardy (down to -5)
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Oblong
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Ovate
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Height25m (82ft)
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Spread20m (66ft)
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TreeSmooth, dark grey bark. Produces oblong-ovoid to nearly rounded acorns, solitary or in groups of 2 or 3.
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Hardy - average winterHardy through most of the UK apart from inland valleys, at altitude and central/northerly locations. May suffer foliage damage and stem dieback in harsh winters in cold gardens. Plant can withstand temperatures down to -10°C (14°F)Young trees susceptible to frost
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harmful if eatenPets, i.e. cats, dogs, rabbits, rodents, notably dogs
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Rounded to broadly spreading
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Mature Size25m (82ft)
20m (66ft)
Planting Tips and Care Advice
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Garden Location/Conditions
Coastal / windsweptTolerant of full exposure to sea winds
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Pruning group
Pruning group 1Suitable for: Deciduous and evergreen trees, and some deciduous shrubs.
Pruning: Minimal pruning required. Prune wayward or crossing branches to maintain a healthy framework.
When: When dormant in the late winter/early spring. Some in the summer/autumn to prevent bleeding of sap.
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Soil Conditions
Fertile moist well-drained soil
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Sun Requirements
Full sunPartial shade
Quercus - Care Guide
Shrubs and Trees - Seeds - 1) Collecting Seeds
- When is the right time to collect seeds?
- When are seeds actually ripe and ready for collection?
- Magnolia seed collection - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Cornus capitata seed collection - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Lithocarpus Seed Collection - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Rhododendron seed collecting - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Camellia seed collection - Video Tip ondemand_video
Shrubs and Trees - Seeds - 2) Storing Seeds
Shrubs and Trees - Seeds - 3) Planting Seeds
Trees - Care Guide
- How to plant a tree - Video Tip ondemand_video
- How to plant a tree
- Ties - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Restaking fallen young trees - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Fallen old tree - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Clearing up fallen beech tree - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Spring pruning - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Removing side shoots - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Pruning and Shaping Magnolia - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Deer protection - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Weed Spraying - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Removing Ivy - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Removing wire protection - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Tidying young trees in October - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Tree Survey - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Crown uplift - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Removing shoots below graft - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Removing peeling bark - Video Tip ondemand_video
- Maintaining variegation - Video Tip ondemand_video